Interactive test

[RoninSage]

I would like to create an interactive quiz using Pythonista. I was trying to learn how to use the scene kit but I was having trouble doing even basic operations based on the limited examples in the documentation. I would like the questions to pop up and to tap the answers. At the end of the test, all the selected answers would be saved to a .csv file and sent to an email address for further analysis. It seems like a fairly simple task and I am hoping someone has done something like this before and can help or point me in a direction where I can start. Thanks in advance.

[cvp]

@RoninSage Why do you need a Scene?

[RoninSage]

It seemed the best way to use the touch screen interface of the iPad. I am open to other suggestions.

[cvp]

@RoninSage Check this
Marvelous help

[mikael]

@cvp, while I appreciate the shout-out for Gestures, it seems truly an overkill for this use case, as is Scene.

Quickest way to get this going would probably be console.alert, which lets you show a title (e.g. ”Question #1”), the question, and three options for answers.

If you want more fancy graphics, a custom ui.View with a TextView and Buttons is quite straightforward as well. You can use the UI designer to create the layout.

Let us know what you need to get forward.

[mikael]

... and if you decide to go with the custom UI.View and want to get really fancy, with questions and answers flying in and out or other effects like that, then I would recommend Scripter to make managing the animations easier.

[enceladus]

Here is an example implementation and I hope it helps
https://gist.github.com/4e520ac2104b902b7a2394d4e7855fa3

[ellie_ff1493]

I tried it with scene

from scene import Scene, Node, LabelNode, run


class quiz(Scene):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.pages = []
        
    def setup(self):
        self.page_now = -1
        self.buttons = Node()
        self.add_child(self.buttons)
        temp = LabelNode("start quiz?")
        temp.position = self.size/2
        self.buttons.add_child(temp)

    def touch_began(self, touch):
        for i in self.buttons.children:
            if touch.location in i.bbox:
                if self.page_now < len(self.pages)-1:
                    self.next_page()
                    print("userer picked:", i.text)
                else:
                    print("end of quiz")

    def next_page(self):
        self.buttons.remove_from_parent()
        self.page_now += 1
        question, values = self.pages[self.page_now]
        page = Node()
        num_of_nodes = len(values) + 1
        h = self.size.h / num_of_nodes
        w = self.size.w
        x = self.size.w * 0.5
        but = LabelNode(question, font=('Helvetica', 40))
        values.append("")
        for i in range(len(values)):
            but.anchor_point = (0.5, 1)
            but.position = (x, self.size.y - (h*i))
            but.y_scale = min(w / but.size.x, h/but.size.y)
            but.x_scale = min(w / but.size.x, h/but.size.y)
            page.add_child(but)
            but = LabelNode(values[i], font=('Helvetica', 40))

        self.buttons = page
        self.add_child(page)

    def add_page(self, question, values):
        self.pages.insert(-2, (question, values))
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = quiz()
    app.add_page("do you like this code", ["yes", "no"])
    app.add_page("do you understand this code", ["yes", "no", "whats code lol"])
    app.add_page("if you add lots of text it gets smallergggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg", ["oh ok, cool"])
    run(app)

[RoninSage]

@enceladus & @ellie_ff1493 thanks for the suggestions but it is not really where I wanted to go with this. Below is code that is starting to get there, however, I want all of the question boxes to move onto the next question whenever one of them is selected. I am sure how to do that. Also, I have included code at the bottom that will record the answers selected into a csv file for later use, I just need help with the code that records the selections into a list. Finally, to complete everything, I would like to start the test off with the participant entering Name, Surname, phone number and email, again something I haven’t figured out yet but I am guessing will need access to the soft keyboard. The code probably needs some cleaning up as I just started working with the code that @cvp linked to earlier.

import itertools, ui, uuid
from objc_util import *

# Generate list of all fonts
def get_font_list():
  UIFont = ObjCClass('UIFont')
  return list(itertools.chain(*[UIFont.fontNamesForFamilyName_(str(x))
        for x in UIFont.familyNames()]))
font_list = get_font_list()
for i in range(len(font_list)):
  font_list[i]=str(font_list[i])

UILayoutContainerView = ObjCClass('UILayoutContainerView')
UISwipeGestureRecognizer = ObjCClass('UISwipeGestureRecognizer')

def disable_swipe_to_close(view):
  v = view.objc_instance
  while not v.isKindOfClass_(UILayoutContainerView.ptr):
    v = v.superview()
  for gr in v.gestureRecognizers():
    if gr.isKindOfClass_(UISwipeGestureRecognizer.ptr):
      gr.setEnabled(False)

class Gestures():

  TYPE_REGULAR = 0
  TYPE_FORCE = 1
  TYPE_STYLUS = 4
  TYPE_ANY = 8. 

  TAP = b'UITapGestureRecognizer'
  PINCH = b'UIPinchGestureRecognizer'
  ROTATION = b'UIRotationGestureRecognizer'
  SWIPE = b'UISwipeGestureRecognizer'
  PAN = b'UIPanGestureRecognizer'
  SCREEN_EDGE_PAN = b'UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer'
  LONG_PRESS = b'UILongPressGestureRecognizer'

  CHANGED = 2
  ENDED = 3

  RIGHT = 1; LEFT = 2; UP = 4; DOWN = 8

  EDGE_NONE = 0; EDGE_TOP = 1; EDGE_LEFT = 2; EDGE_BOTTOM = 4; EDGE_RIGHT = 8; EDGE_ALL = 15

  def __init__(self, touch_type=TYPE_REGULAR, force_threshold=0.4, retain_global_reference = True):
    self.buttons = {}
    self.views = {}
    self.recognizers = {}
    self.actions = {}
    self.touches = {}
    self.touch_type = touch_type
    self.force_threshold = force_threshold
    if retain_global_reference:
      retain_global(self)

    # Friendly delegate functions

    def recognize_simultaneously_default(gr_name, other_gr_name):
      return False    
    self.recognize_simultaneously = recognize_simultaneously_default
    
    def fail_default(gr_name, other_gr_name):
      return False    
    self.fail = fail_default
    
    def fail_other_default(gr_name, other_gr_name):
      return False    
    self.fail_other = fail_other_default

    # ObjC delegate functions
    
    def simplify(func, gr, other_gr):
      gr_o = ObjCInstance(gr)
      other_gr_o = ObjCInstance(other_gr)
      if (gr_o.view() != other_gr_o.view()):
        return False
      gr_name = gr_o._get_objc_classname()
      other_gr_name = other_gr_o._get_objc_classname()
      return func(gr_name, other_gr_name)
    
    # Recognize simultaneously

    def gestureRecognizer_shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer_(_self, _sel, gr, other_gr):
      return self.objc_should_recognize_simultaneously(self.recognize_simultaneously, gr, other_gr)

    def objc_should_recognize_simultaneously_default(func, gr, other_gr):
      return simplify(func, gr, other_gr)
      
    self.objc_should_recognize_simultaneously = objc_should_recognize_simultaneously_default
    
    # Fail other
    
    def gestureRecognizer_shouldRequireFailureOfGestureRecognizer_(_self, _sel, gr, other_gr):
      return self.objc_should_require_failure(self.fail_other, gr, other_gr)

    def objc_should_require_failure_default(func, gr, other_gr):
      return simplify(func, gr, other_gr)
      
    self.objc_should_require_failure = objc_should_require_failure_default
    
    # Fail
    
    def gestureRecognizer_shouldBeRequiredToFailByGestureRecognizer_(_self, _sel, gr, other_gr):
      return self.objc_should_fail(self.fail, gr, other_gr)

    def objc_should_fail_default(func, gr, other_gr):
      return simplify(func, gr, other_gr)
      
    self.objc_should_fail = objc_should_fail_default
    
    # Delegate
    
    try:
      PythonistaGestureDelegate = ObjCClass('PythonistaGestureDelegate')
    except:
      PythonistaGestureDelegate = create_objc_class('PythonistaGestureDelegate',
      superclass=NSObject,
      methods=[
        gestureRecognizer_shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer_,
        gestureRecognizer_shouldRequireFailureOfGestureRecognizer_,
        gestureRecognizer_shouldBeRequiredToFailByGestureRecognizer_],
      classmethods=[],
      protocols=['UIGestureRecognizerDelegate'],
      debug=True)
    self._delegate = PythonistaGestureDelegate.new()

  @on_main_thread
  def add_tap(self, view, action, number_of_taps_required = None, number_of_touches_required = None):
    ''' Call `action` when a tap gesture is recognized for the `view`.
    
    Additional parameters:
      
    * `number_of_taps_required` - Set if more than one tap is required for the gesture to be recognized.
    * `number_of_touches_required` - Set if more than one finger is required for the gesture to be recognized.
    '''
    recog = self._get_recog('UITapGestureRecognizer', view, self._general_action, action)

    if number_of_taps_required:
      recog.numberOfTapsRequired = number_of_taps_required
    if number_of_touches_required:
      recog.numberOfTouchesRequired = number_of_touches_required
    return recog

  @on_main_thread
  def add_screen_edge_pan(self, view, action, edges):
    ''' Call `action` when a pan gesture starting from the edge is recognized for the `view`. This is a continuous gesture.
    
    `edges` must be set to one of `Gestures.EDGE_NONE/EDGE_TOP/EDGE_LEFT/EDGE_BOTTOM/EDGE_RIGHT/EDGE_ALL`. If you want to recognize pans from different edges, you have to set up separate recognizers with separate calls to this method.
    
    Handler `action` receives the same gesture-specific attributes in the `data` argument as pan gestures, see `add_pan`.
    '''
    recog = self._get_recog('UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer', view, self._pan_action, action)

    recog.edges = edges

    return recog

  def _get_recog(self, recog_name, view, internal_action, final_handler):
    view.touch_enabled = True
    button = ui.Button()
    key = str(uuid.uuid4())
    button.name = key
    button.action = internal_action
    self.buttons[key] = button
    self.views[key] = view
    recognizer = ObjCClass(recog_name).alloc().initWithTarget_action_(button, sel('invokeAction:')).autorelease()
    self.recognizers[key] = recognizer
    self.actions[key] = final_handler
    ObjCInstance(view).addGestureRecognizer_(recognizer)
    recognizer.delegate = self._delegate
    return recognizer

  class Data():
    def __init__(self):
      self.recognizer = self.view = self.location = self.state = self.number_of_touches = self.scale = self.rotation = self.velocity = None

  def _context(self, button):
    key = button.name
    (view, recog, action) = (self.views[key], self.recognizers[key], self.actions[key])
    data = Gestures.Data()
    data.recognizer = recog
    data.view = view
    data.location = self._location(view, recog)
    data.state = recog.state()
    data.number_of_touches = recog.numberOfTouches()
    #data.additional_touch_data = self.touches[recog]
    return (data, action)

  def _location(self, view, recog):
    loc = recog.locationInView_(ObjCInstance(view))
    return ui.Point(loc.x, loc.y)

  def _general_action(self, sender):
    (data, action) = self._context(sender)
    action(data)

  def _pan_action(self, sender):
    (data, action) = self._context(sender)
    trans = data.recognizer.translationInView_(ObjCInstance(data.view))
    vel = data.recognizer.velocityInView_(ObjCInstance(data.view))
    data.translation = ui.Point(trans.x, trans.y)
    data.velocity = ui.Point(vel.x, vel.y)

    action(data)

    action(data)

# TESTING AND DEMONSTRATION

if __name__ == "__main__":
  
  import math, random
  
  g = Gestures()
  
  def random_background(view):
    colors = [(0.3,0.31,0.32), (0.25,0.26,0.27), (0.2,0.21,0.22), (0.15,0.16,0.17), (0.35,0.36,0.37), (0.4,0.41,0.42), (0.45,0.46,0.47), (0.5,0.51,0.52)]
    view.background_color = random.choice(colors)
    view.text_color = (0,0,0) if sum(view.background_color[:3]) > 1.5 else (1,1,1) # colour of font after press button

  def update_text(l, text):
    l.text = text

  q1_count=-1
  def generic_handler1(data):
    random_background(data.view)
    global q1_count
    q1_count+=1
    if q1_count<=len(Questions1)-1:
      update_text(data.view,Questions1[q1_count])
    else:
      update_text(data.view,'done')

  q2_count=-1
  def generic_handler2(data):
    random_background(data.view)
    global q2_count
    q2_count+=1
    if q2_count<=len(Questions2)-1:
      update_text(data.view,Questions2[q2_count])
    else:
      update_text(data.view,'done')

  q3_count=-1
  def generic_handler3(data):
    random_background(data.view)
    global q3_count
    q3_count+=1
    if q3_count<=len(Questions3)-1:
      update_text(data.view,Questions3[q3_count])
    else:
      update_text(data.view,'done')

  q4_count=-1
  def generic_handler4(data):
    random_background(data.view)
    global q4_count
    q4_count+=1
    if q4_count<=len(Questions4)-1:
      update_text(data.view,Questions4[q4_count])
    else:
      update_text(data.view,'done')

  def pan_handler(data):
    update_text(data.view, 'done')
    random_background(data.view)
    bg.close()

  Questions1=['What are my strengths?','What frustrates me?','What do I prefer to wear?','What does my desk look like?','When making a large purchase I prioritise:','Who inspires you;']
  Questions2=['ohW','nehW','erehW','yhW','tahw','woH']
  Questions3=['1st ?','2nd ?','3rd ?','4th ?','5th ?','6th ?']
  Questions4=['Question 1','Question 2','Question 3','Question 4','Question 5','Question 6']

  bg = ui.View()
  bg.present(style='default',hide_title_bar=True,title_bar_color=(198/255,50/255,108/255), title_color='Green')
  disable_swipe_to_close(bg) # Use to limit access to code
  bg.background_color=(198/255,50/255,108/255) # set background color to pink
  edge_l = ui.Label(
    text='Complete as quickly as possible', 
    background_color='grey',
    text_color='white',
    alignment=ui.ALIGN_CENTER,
    number_of_lines=0,
    frame=(
      0, 0, bg.width, 136 # position of top box (0 in, 0 down, bg.width wide, 136 high)
  ))
  edge_l.font=(font_list[71], 40) # font type and size
  bg.add_subview(edge_l)
  g.add_screen_edge_pan(edge_l, pan_handler, edges=Gestures.EDGE_RIGHT)

  v = ui.ScrollView(frame=(0, 95, bg.width, bg.height))  # where grid of boxes are placed 
  bg.add_subview(v)
  
  label_count = -1
  
  def create_label(title):
    global label_count
    label_count += 1
    label_w = 443
    label_h = 300
    gap = 120
    label_w_with_gap = label_w + gap
    label_h_with_gap = label_h + gap
    labels_per_line = math.floor((v.width-2*gap)/(label_w+gap))
    left_margin = (v.width - labels_per_line*label_w_with_gap + gap)/2
    line = math.floor(label_count/labels_per_line)
    column = label_count - line*labels_per_line
    
    l = ui.Label(
      text=title, 
      background_color=(95/255,96/255,98/255), # box colour
      text_color=(141/255,198/255,63/255), # text colour
      alignment=ui.ALIGN_CENTER,
      number_of_lines=0,
      frame=(
        left_margin+column * label_w_with_gap,
        gap+line * label_h_with_gap,
        label_w, label_h
    ))
    l.font=(font_list[32], 40) # font type and size
    v.add_subview(l)
    return l

  tap_1 = create_label("What is included in your perfect night in? \n \n Nailing a DYI project")
  tap_2 = create_label("What is included in your perfect night in? \n \n Bath, bed and a good book?")
  tap_3 = create_label("What is included in your perfect night in? \n \n Doonah, snacks, movie and someone to cuddle?")
  tap_4 = create_label("What is included in your perfect night in? \n \n It does'nt matter as long as the house is clean!")
  g.add_tap(tap_1, generic_handler1)
  g.add_tap(tap_2, generic_handler2)
  g.add_tap(tap_3, generic_handler3)
  g.add_tap(tap_4, generic_handler4)

# code to export results to csv file once it is the same for as res given below
import csv
res = ['x', '2', 4.7]
csvfile = 'data.csv'

with open(csvfile, "w") as output:
    writer = csv.writer(output, lineterminator='\n')
    for val in res:
        writer.writerow([val])

[mikael]

@RoninSage, some suggestions:

• You do not need to compile the whole list of fonts every time - you can just set the font by the name you find in the font picker ('+' above the keyboard, on the right).
• You do not need to include the whole code for gestures, you can just import it.
• Again, you do not really need gestures for the most part, just for the edge swipe to proceed. For tapping the answers I would simplify the code a lot by just using ui.Buttons, all with action set to the same handler function that distinguishes which button was tapped by the name of the center.
• For saving the answers, do you have a distinct need for CSV, instead of something slighly more robust?

[RoninSage]

I have created code that works and does what I want it to do, however, I feel like there is a more condensed way to do this. By creating my own keyboard I can limit the inputs that are available, I can also stop that annoying little bar coming up at the bottom of the screen.

Below the comment

# functions that define key button actions

I feel there is a lot of repetition that could be done more efficiently. Also, below the comment

# Create key buttons

again, there is also a lot of repetition. I am sure there is a simple iterative way to approach this, but I am at a loss as to how to do it.

Thanks for you help.

import ui, itertools
import numpy as np
from objc_util import *

# Define variables
# Create display, further details see theBackground.py
view=ui.View()
view.present('fullscreen', hide_title_bar=True)
view.background_color = ('lightgreen')
answers=[]

# Counters
ent_count=0

# Define functions
# function that allows you to define font as a number using font_list[]
def get_font_list():
  UIFont = ObjCClass('UIFont')
  return list(itertools.chain(*[UIFont.fontNamesForFamilyName_(str(x))
        for x in UIFont.familyNames()]))
font_list = get_font_list()
for i in range(len(font_list)):
  font_list[i]=str(font_list[i])

# function that adds all keys to the screen
def add_keyboard1(some_list):
  for key in some_list:
    view.add_subview(some_list[key])

# function that removes all keys from the screen
def remove_keyboard1(some_list):
  for key in range(0,len(some_list)):
    view.remove_subview(some_list[key])

# function to create key buttons
def create_btn(btn_label,btn_name,btn_x,btn_y,btn_width):
  btn_name.bg_color = (95/255,96/255,98/255,0.8) # button colour
  btn_name.tint_color=(141/255,198/255,63/255) # button font colour
  btn_name.center = (btn_x+view.width*0.215, btn_y-view.height*0.1) # button position
  btn_name.border_width = .5 # add border to button
  btn_name.width = btn_width # button width
  btn_name.height = view.width*0.04 # button height
  btn_name.font = (font_list[7], 20) # button font type and size
  btn_name.corner_radius = view.width * 0.002 # rounds button corners
  view.add_subview(btn_name) # draw button

# functions that define key button actions
def btn1_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'1'
def btn2_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'2'
def btn3_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'3'
def btn4_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'4'
def btn5_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'5'
def btn6_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'6'
def btn7_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'7'
def btn8_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'8'
def btn9_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'9'
def btn0_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'0'
def btndel_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text[:-1]
def btnq_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'q'
def btnw_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'w'
def btne_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'e'
def btnr_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'r'
def btnt_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'t'
def btny_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'y'
def btnu_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'u'
def btni_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'i'
def btno_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'o'
def btnp_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'p'
def btnsf_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'🙁'
def btna_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'a'
def btns_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'s'
def btnd_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'d'
def btnf_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'f'
def btng_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'g'
def btnh_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'h'
def btnj_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'j'
def btnk_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'k'
def btnl_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'l'
def btnhf_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'🙂'
def btnz_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'z'
def btnx_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'x'
def btnc_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'c'
def btnv_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'v'
def btnb_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'b'
def btnn_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'n'
def btnm_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'m'
def btnm_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text +'m'
def btnenter_tap(sender):
  global ent_count
  if len(txt_fld.text)!=0:
    ent_count+=1
    if ent_count<3: # after 3rd entry stops input
      answers.append(txt_fld.text) # records all inputs
      txt_fld.text='' # clears entry after enter is pressed
    else:
      answers.append(txt_fld.text) # records last input
      view.remove_subview(txt_fld) # clears textfield
      some_box.text='My time is a valuable thing' # changes box text
      remove_keyboard1(all_btns) # clears all keys
      view.close()

# Create key buttons
btn1 = ui.Button(title='1')
create_btn('1',btn1,view.width*0.0,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn1.action = btn1_tap
btn2 = ui.Button(title='2')
create_btn('2',btn2,view.width*0.05,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn2.action = btn2_tap
btn3 = ui.Button(title='3')
create_btn('3',btn3,view.width*0.1,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn3.action = btn3_tap
btn4 = ui.Button(title='4')
create_btn('4',btn4,view.width*0.15,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn4.action = btn4_tap
btn5 = ui.Button(title='5')
create_btn('5',btn5,view.width*0.2,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn5.action = btn5_tap
btn6 = ui.Button(title='6')
create_btn('6',btn6,view.width*0.25,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn6.action = btn6_tap
btn7 = ui.Button(title='7')
create_btn('7',btn7,view.width*0.3,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn7.action = btn7_tap
btn8 = ui.Button(title='8')
create_btn('8',btn8,view.width*0.35,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn8.action = btn8_tap
btn9 = ui.Button(title='9')
create_btn('9',btn9,view.width*0.4,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn9.action = btn9_tap
btn0 = ui.Button(title='0')
create_btn('0',btn0,view.width*0.45,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
btn0.action = btn0_tap
btndel = ui.Button(title='delete')
create_btn('delete',btndel,view.width*0.505,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.09)
btndel.action = btndel_tap
btnq = ui.Button(title='q')
create_btn('q',btnq,view.width*0.025,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnq.action = btnq_tap
btnw = ui.Button(title='w')
create_btn('w',btnw,view.width*0.075,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnw.action = btnw_tap
btne = ui.Button(title='e')
create_btn('e',btne,view.width*0.125,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btne.action = btne_tap
btnr = ui.Button(title='r')
create_btn('r',btnr,view.width*0.175,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnr.action = btnr_tap
btnt = ui.Button(title='t')
create_btn('t',btnt,view.width*0.225,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnt.action = btnt_tap
btny = ui.Button(title='y')
create_btn('y',btny,view.width*0.275,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btny.action = btny_tap
btnu = ui.Button(title='u')
create_btn('u',btnu,view.width*0.325,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnu.action = btnu_tap
btni = ui.Button(title='i')
create_btn('i',btni,view.width*0.375,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btni.action = btni_tap
btno = ui.Button(title='o')
create_btn('o',btno,view.width*0.425,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btno.action = btno_tap
btnp = ui.Button(title='p')
create_btn('p',btnp,view.width*0.475,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnp.action = btnp_tap
btnsf = ui.Button(title='🙁')
create_btn('🙁',btnsf,view.width*0.525,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
btnsf.action = btnsf_tap
btna = ui.Button(title='a')
create_btn('a',btna,view.width*0.05,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btna.action = btna_tap
btns = ui.Button(title='s')
create_btn('s',btns,view.width*0.1,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btns.action = btns_tap
btnd = ui.Button(title='d')
create_btn('d',btnd,view.width*0.15,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnd.action = btnd_tap
btnf = ui.Button(title='f')
create_btn('f',btnf,view.width*0.2,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnf.action = btnf_tap
btng = ui.Button(title='g')
create_btn('g',btng,view.width*0.25,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btng.action = btng_tap
btnh = ui.Button(title='h')
create_btn('h',btnh,view.width*0.3,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnh.action = btnh_tap
btnj = ui.Button(title='j')
create_btn('j',btnj,view.width*0.35,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnj.action = btnj_tap
btnk = ui.Button(title='k')
create_btn('k',btnk,view.width*0.4,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnk.action = btnk_tap
btnl = ui.Button(title='l')
create_btn('l',btnl,view.width*0.45,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnl.action = btnl_tap
btnhf = ui.Button(title='🙂')
create_btn('🙂',btnhf,view.width*0.5,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
btnhf.action = btnhf_tap
btnz = ui.Button(title='z')
create_btn('z',btnz,view.width*0.075,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnz.action = btnz_tap
btnx = ui.Button(title='x')
create_btn('x',btnx,view.width*0.125,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnx.action = btnx_tap
btnc = ui.Button(title='c')
create_btn('c',btnc,view.width*0.175,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnc.action = btnc_tap
btnv = ui.Button(title='v')
create_btn('v',btnv,view.width*0.225,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnv.action = btnv_tap
btnb = ui.Button(title='b')
create_btn('b',btnb,view.width*0.275,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnb.action = btnb_tap
btnn = ui.Button(title='n')
create_btn('n',btnn,view.width*0.325,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnn.action = btnn_tap
btnm = ui.Button(title='m')
create_btn('m',btnm,view.width*0.375,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
btnm.action = btnm_tap
btnenter = ui.Button(title='enter')
create_btn('enter',btnenter,view.width*0.425,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.09)
btnenter.action = btnenter_tap

# List of all button names
all_btns=(btn1,btn2,btn3,btn4,btn5,btn6,btn7,btn8,btn9,btn0,btndel,
btnq,btnw,btne,btnr,btnt,btny,btnu,btni,btno,btnp,btnsf,
btna,btns,btnd,btnf,btng,btnh,btnj,btnk,btnl,btnhf,
btnz,btnx,btnc,btnv,btnb,btnn,btnm,btnenter)

# Include non-interactive box
some_box = ui.Label(
  text='This is where you can ask some questions', # box text
  background_color=(95/255,96/255,98/255), # box colour
  text_color='white', # box text colour
  alignment=ui.ALIGN_CENTER, # text alignment in box
  number_of_lines=0, # number of lines used in box
  frame=(0, 0, view.width, 100)) # position of top box (0 in, 0 down, view.width wide, 100 high)
some_box.font=('HoeflerText-BlackItalic', 40) # box font type and size
view.add_subview(some_box) # create box

txt_fld=ui.TextField(frame=(view.width*0.275, view.height*0.34,view.width*0.45, view.height*0.1)) # defines textfield dimensions
txt_fld.alignment=ui.ALIGN_CENTER # places text in center of the box
txt_fld.font = ('Chalkduster', 30) # change textfield font
txt_fld.text_color='hotpink' # text colour
txt_fld.enabled = False # cannot click in textfield
view.add_subview(txt_fld) # create textfield

[cvp]

@RoninSage already shorter 😀

import ui, itertools
import numpy as np
from objc_util import *

# Define variables
# Create display, further details see theBackground.py
view=ui.View()
view.present('fullscreen', hide_title_bar=True)
view.background_color = ('lightgreen')
answers=[]

# Counters
ent_count=0

# Define functions
# function that allows you to define font as a number using font_list[]
def get_font_list():
  UIFont = ObjCClass('UIFont')
  return list(itertools.chain(*[UIFont.fontNamesForFamilyName_(str(x))
        for x in UIFont.familyNames()]))
font_list = get_font_list()
for i in range(len(font_list)):
  font_list[i]=str(font_list[i])

# function to create key buttons
def create_btn(btn_label,btn_name,btn_x,btn_y,btn_width):
  btn_name = ui.Button(title=btn_label,name=btn_name)
  if btn_label == 'delete':
    btn_name.action = btndel_tap
  elif btn_label == 'enter':
    btn_name.action = btnenter_tap
  else:
    btn_name.action = btn_tap
  btn_name.bg_color = (95/255,96/255,98/255,0.8) # button colour
  btn_name.tint_color=(141/255,198/255,63/255) # button font colour
  btn_name.center = (btn_x+view.width*0.215, btn_y-view.height*0.1) # button position
  btn_name.border_width = .5 # add border to button
  btn_name.width = btn_width # button width
  btn_name.height = view.width*0.04 # button height
  btn_name.font = (font_list[7], 20) # button font type and size
  btn_name.corner_radius = view.width * 0.002 # rounds button corners
  view.add_subview(btn_name) # draw button

# functions that define key button actions
def btn_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text + sender.title

def btndel_tap(sender):
  txt_fld.text=txt_fld.text[:-1]
def btnenter_tap(sender):
  global ent_count
  if len(txt_fld.text)!=0:
    ent_count+=1
    if ent_count<3: # after 3rd entry stops input
      answers.append(txt_fld.text) # records all inputs
      txt_fld.text='' # clears entry after enter is pressed
    else:
      answers.append(txt_fld.text) # records last input
      view.remove_subview(txt_fld) # clears textfield
      some_box.text='My time is a valuable thing' # changes box text
      for subv in view.subviews:
        if type(subv) is ui.Button:
          view.remove_subview(subv)
      view.close()

# Create key buttons
create_btn('1', 'btn1',view.width*0.0,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('2', 'btn2',view.width*0.05,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('3', 'btn3',view.width*0.1,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('4', 'btn4',view.width*0.15,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('5', 'btn5',view.width*0.2,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('6', 'btn6',view.width*0.25,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('7', 'btn7',view.width*0.3,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('8', 'btn8',view.width*0.35,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('9', 'btn9',view.width*0.4,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('0', 'btn0',view.width*0.45,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('delete', 'btndel',view.width*0.505,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.09)
create_btn('q', 'btnq',view.width*0.025,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('w', 'btnw',view.width*0.075,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('e', 'btne',view.width*0.125,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('r', 'btnr',view.width*0.175,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('t', 'btnt',view.width*0.225,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('y', 'btny',view.width*0.275,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('u', 'btnu',view.width*0.325,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('i', 'btni',view.width*0.375,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('o', 'btno',view.width*0.425,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('p', 'btnp',view.width*0.475,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('🙁', 'btnsf',view.width*0.525,view.height*0.73,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('a', 'btna',view.width*0.05,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('s', 'btns',view.width*0.1,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('d', 'btnd',view.width*0.15,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('f', 'btnf',view.width*0.2,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('g', 'btng',view.width*0.25,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('h', 'btnh',view.width*0.3,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('j', 'btnj',view.width*0.35,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('k', 'btnk',view.width*0.4,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('l', 'btnl',view.width*0.45,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('🙂', 'btnhf',view.width*0.5,view.height*0.8,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('z', 'btnz',view.width*0.075,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('x', 'btnx',view.width*0.125,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('c', 'btnc',view.width*0.175,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('v', 'btnv',view.width*0.225,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('b', 'btnb',view.width*0.275,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('n', 'btnn',view.width*0.325,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('m', 'btnm',view.width*0.375,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.04)
create_btn('enter', 'btnenter',view.width*0.425,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.09)

# Include non-interactive box
some_box = ui.Label(
  text='This is where you can ask some questions', # box text
  background_color=(95/255,96/255,98/255), # box colour
  text_color='white', # box text colour
  alignment=ui.ALIGN_CENTER, # text alignment in box
  number_of_lines=0, # number of lines used in box
  frame=(0, 0, view.width, 100)) # position of top box (0 in, 0 down, view.width wide, 100 high)
some_box.font=('HoeflerText-BlackItalic', 40) # box font type and size
view.add_subview(some_box) # create box

txt_fld=ui.TextField(frame=(view.width*0.275, view.height*0.34,view.width*0.45, view.height*0.1)) # defines textfield dimensions
txt_fld.alignment=ui.ALIGN_CENTER # places text in center of the box
txt_fld.font = ('Chalkduster', 30) # change textfield font
txt_fld.text_color='hotpink' # text colour
txt_fld.enabled = False # cannot click in textfield
view.add_subview(txt_fld) # create textfield

[cvp]

@RoninSage still shorter

# Create key buttons
def create_row(row_labels,row_x,row_y):
  x = row_x
  for btn_label in row_labels:
    create_btn(btn_label,'btn'+btn_label, view.width*x, view.height*row_y, view.width*0.04)
    x = x + 0.05
create_row('1234567890', 0.0,0.66)
create_btn('delete', 'btndel',view.width*0.505,view.height*0.66,view.width*0.09)
create_row('qwertyuiop🙁', 0.025,0.73)
create_row('asdfghjkl🙂', 0.05,0.8)
create_row('zxcvbnm', 0.075,0.87)
create_btn('enter', 'btnenter',view.width*0.425,view.height*0.87,view.width*0.09)

[cvp]

@RoninSage Additional infos

• button name is not needed because we remove them by sub_view of view

[RoninSage]

@cvp perfect, that simplified all the repetions and I still understand what is going on, thanks heaps.