Binary files read and write

ManuelU

Here is a short sample of the values read by your script in Array Mode. Observe the zero values at the end.

(50.56001281738281, 53.25138854980469), (51.46320724487305, 59.16133117675781), (53.85163116455078, 56.33137512207031), (54.70978546142578, 54.6609001159668), (55.20241165161133, 47.02310562133789), (55.262977600097656, 40.11175537109375), (54.45186996459961, 43.808773040771484), (54.05076217651367, 42.50151824951172), (53.665225982666016, 54.5957145690918), (53.8406867980957, 65.96211242675781), (58.009944915771484, 65.0105972290039), (59.889801025390625, 59.607154846191406), (60.222530364990234, 56.390960693359375), (60.41679763793945, 54.57362747192383), (60.55101776123047, 41.55317687988281), (60.54636001586914, 40.97874450683594), (60.54383850097656, 46.896514892578125), (60.42774200439453, 45.11729049682617), (57.88348388671875, 49.7500114440918), (53.61359786987305, 46.01418685913086), (50.81377410888672, 36.51190185546875), (48.24237823486328, 31.083229064941406), (44.919986724853516, 32.971107482910156), (44.69907760620117, 46.87627410888672), (45.31845474243164, 39.48908233642578), (44.62737274169922, 35.4039192199707), (44.04755401611328, 34.72141647338867), (41.45051956176758, 34.2315673828125), (39.6866569519043, 33.11891174316406), (39.542598724365234, 50.92300796508789), (43.85606002807617, 34.235633850097656), (43.871002197265625, 40.384735107421875), (42.935977935791016, 52.999149322509766), (46.3834228515625, 52.6627311706543), (48.203895568847656, 57.949790954589844), (51.57520294189453, 52.208770751953125), (52.15311050415039, 45.712528228759766), (52.26800537109375, 50.851497650146484), (52.261497497558594, 46.12493133544922), (52.383358001708984, 84.88561248779297), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0), (0.0, 0.0)

ccc

How can I access the data in the 2D array to make plots and numeric calculation of aggregated data?

I am unclear what you mean. Your last post looks to me like it is a list of (x, y) tuples. What else do you need?

To remove all (0.0,0.0) elements from your list...

my_list = [(x[0], x[1]) for x in my_list if x[0] and x[1]]  # remove all (0.0,0.0) elements

count=24 * 3600 * 8 * 2

count = 24 (hours in a day) * 60 (minutes in an hour) * 60 (seconds in a minute) * 8 (what is this? (samples per second?)) * 2 (values (fast and slow?))

ManuelU

Thera are two weighting times for SPL meters : SLOW = 0ne reading per second; FAST = one reading every 1/8 of second. That means that you have a pair of eight data points every second. One minute has 60 seconds so you have 60 * 60 = 3600 seconds per hour. One hour has 3600 * 8 * 2 = 57600 data points in float format that are exported to Dropbox. Another problem are the NAN AND infinite values generated for many reasons, that have to be replaced by the previous SLOW or FAST recorded values. They are mostly negative values. As you can observe, there is a post processing job to be done before plotting or computing aggregated data to render reliable results.

ManuelU

The total size of any file exported to Dropbox by the App SPLnFFT Noise Meter is 5529600 Bytes, therefore each data point in float format uses 4 Bytes. (24 * 3600 * 8 * 2 = 1382400) * 4 = 5529600. I've observed that The instruction: floats_in_the_file = os.path.getsize(filename) / struct.calcsize('f') reads a lot of garbage where is supposed to read zeroes.

ccc

Do the array approach and struct approach generate the same list?

What is printed if you add print(floats_in_the_file) when you run the script against a 5529600 byte file? I would expect 1382400.

You could try removing bogus values by post-processing the list with:

my_list = [(x[0], x[1]) for x in my_list if x[0] > 0 and x[1] > 0]  # remove invalid elements

ManuelU

You are right, the maximum number of data points in the binary file is 1382400. I'm new in Phytonista and I'll have to read how to detect and remove NaN an Infinite values in Phyton and what are the available Array functions. I've an Academic Apple Developer License and I'm exploring all the available options to process the noise data within the IOS environment with an Universal standalone App. As far as I know, Phytonista seems to be the only one to import SPL data with a script from the Dropbox to its sandbox, overriding the cumbersome iTunes File Sharing. The project is part of an epidemiological investigation on Environmental Noise and Health which includes, among other challenges, the simultaneous recording of an ECG.
Thanks for your valuable help.

ccc

OK... In just over 1 second SPLnFFT_Reader.py reads 1,382,400 floats out of the binary file, converts that into a 2d list of 691,200 fast_slow pairs and cleans that down to a 2d list of 2,786 valid fast_slow pairs and prints out the first 50 pairs.

My cleansing step might not be right for your purposes. You can use math.isnan() and math.isinf() to find those values but I do not believe that it is required anymore because the author of the SPLnFFT app told me in an email that "In the matlab [example] script there is some processing to get rid of NaN data. But I thought I had solved this in latest release of SPLnFFT".

ccc

Calling all numpy gurus... Why does this not work as expected?

import numpy
data = numpy.fromfile('SPLnFFT_2015_07_21.bin', dtype=float)
print(len(data))  # 691200  :-( this is half of the expected number

omz

You can try this:

data = numpy.fromfile('SPLnFFT_2015_07_21.bin', dtype=numpy.dtype('f4'))

The Python float data type is usually implemented as a double (8 bytes), so this specifies the number of bytes explicitly.

Phuket2

Do issues still exist with byte order on different platforms? I really don't know. A long time ago, we used to have to consider this. Big and little Indien when reading binary/memory files without an API that took care of the translation

ccc

Yes. Complexity is preserved but it is better hidden. The fortunate thing here is that the file in question was written out by one iOS app (SPLnFFT) and read in by another iOS app (Pythonista) so byte order is not an issue.

Phuket2

@ccc. Ok, understand. Honestly, was not even sure these issues still existed. Regardless, normally they have no impact as long as you are calling API calls, it's when we decide to get tricky and implement our functions/ methods for reading so called cross platform files. But in this environment, I think it's food for thought. But as you say in the case, both files written from iOS so not a problem

ccc

Now I understand why numpy is all the rage with data scientists!!!

3 lines of numpy do the whole thing!! Import, read, transform, and cleanse. Much faster execution time too.

import numpy
data = numpy.fromfile('SPLnFFT_2015_07_21.bin', dtype=numpy.float32).reshape(-1, 2)
data = data[numpy.all(data > 0, axis=1)]  # cleanse
print(type(data), len(data))  # numpy.ndarray, 2786
print(data[:20])  # print first 20 fast, slow pairs

ManuelU

Hi CCC. I tried your script with an edited version of a SPLnFFT binary files before the iOS two last updates. Last night I made some random noise mesurements. For my surprise the exported files had many chunks of zeroes alternating with random chunks of normal SPL values. That is not a mormal behavior. No NaN or Infinite values were detected this time. If you give me a mail address I can send you the link to some test files in my Dropbox account. The struct approach and the array approach render the same results. You JUST gave another present to SPLnFFT users with your SPLnFFT_Reader.py. I'll download and try it right away. Best Regards

ccc

Use the numpy version instead. It is simpler, faster, and easier to mess around with. If you have a computer with an iPython notebook, that would be a great environment for exploring the dataset.

To send a Dropbox file, you can check it directly into the Github repo above via a pull request or you can go into your Dropbox client and tap once on the file to select it and then tap the share icon (a box with an arrow pointing up out of it) and share as email. Cut the URL out of that draft email, and paste it into a comment on the repo or here.

JonB

does the splnfft guy have matlab scripts that read and plot the data? the screenshots show such an .m file. if younhave a copy of that, it would explain how to parse and interpret the data.

ManuelU

Yes, it has a Matlab script that you can use with Octave, with no changes. There is also available an Excel Macro that allows you to process the whole file with one hour chunks. What is for me an attractive feature of Phytonista is the possibility to importe the SPLnFFT bin files or any other file type directly from the Dropbox to the sandbox. You don't need a desktop computer and overrides the cumbersome process of iTunes file Sharing. The SPLnFFT is linked to another App of the same author: SPLnWATCH, that can record in the background, an excellent battery and screen saver option.

JonB

can you post a link to the matlab script?

ccc

Is Octave this app http://octilab.com ? How did you get the .bin file into that app?

ManuelU

You can get it at the SPLnFFT Noise Neter Developer Web Page. He currently uses a Face book account. If he sent you an email, I think you make ask him a copy and he will happy to send it t you. You have to use it in a desktop computer because the online iOS Apss Octalib and Octave pro don't have File I/O support. I now nothing about copyright, but as a user I have a copy stored in my Dropbox account. It's in fact a Matlap script but works in Octave. Of the scripts available, I just used the Excel Macro. You need Microsoft Office 10 or above. I had it installed in a PC with windows XP Pro but they stopped the OS support some months ago. With the excellent scripts you supplied and my IPad Air 2, I don't need it at all to import and process the binar Data. I have also an iOS Basic interpreter with a powerful graphic class that has an option to compile the source code wit XCode. I'm still struggling with the Python code to plot the imported data with your Phytonista scripts. By the way, can Phytonista scripts be compiled with Apple's Xcode?. I use it with a Mac Mini. I'll do anything needed to avoid the iTunes file sharing in the standalone iOS App I'm developing for my Noise project.