Flappy bird

[Karina]

@stephen I don't understand to much things, I've just read the tutorial and tried to do my own game.
I'll try to get it with time

[stephen]

@Karina il give a bit of a run down just give me few min to write it ☺️

[Karina]

@Drizzel yes I got it. Now it works how it should

[Drizzel]

@Karina

This is an old and sometimes very poorly written clone I did to learn about ai (flappy bird is an awesome game for basic artificial intelligence experiments). I didn’t bother about graphics, but maybe it’s helpful to you.

Run this to play the game:

from scene import *
import sound
import random
import math
import gameExtension as extension
#import nnExtension as nn
A = Action

class MyScene (Scene):
	
	def setup(self):
		self.background_color = 'beige'
		self.gravity = Vector2(0, -self.size.y/1500)
		self.birds = []

		self.running = True
		extension.setup_walls(self)
		extension.update_walls(self)
		
		#self.birdCount = 1 #uncomment if using ai
		
		for x in range(self.birdCount):
			extension.add_bird(self)
		pass
	
	def did_change_size(self):
		pass
	
	def update(self):
		if self.running:
			self.running = False
			extension.update_walls(self)
			
			for bird in self.birds:
				if bird.distance >= 10000: bird.dead = True
				if not bird.dead:
					self.running = True
					extension.count_distance(self, bird)
					extension.update_bird(self, bird)
					bird.data = extension.get_data(self, bird)
					
					if bird.position.y-bird.size.y/2 <= 0 or bird.position.y+bird.size.y/2 >= self.size.y:
						bird.color = 'red'
						bird.dead = True
						
					for wall in self.walls:
						if bird.frame.intersects(wall.frame):
							bird.color = 'red'
							bird.dead = True
				else:
					if bird.position.x + bird.size.x/2 >= 0:
						bird.position = (bird.position.x - 1, bird.position.y)
			
			
		
	def touch_began(self, touch):
		self.birds[0].up = True
		pass
	
	def touch_moved(self, touch):
		pass
	
	def touch_ended(self, touch):
		pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
	run(MyScene(), PORTRAIT, show_fps=True)

Save this in the same folder as the upper main code as gameExtension.py

from scene import *
import random

def add_bird(self):
	self.birds.append(ShapeNode(rect(0,0,10,10)))
	bird = self.birds[len(self.birds)-1]
	bird.color = 'black'
	bird.size = (self.size.x/50, self.size.x/50)
	bird.position = (self.size.x/4, self.size.y/2)
	bird.z_position = 2
	bird.dead = False
	bird.distance = 0
	bird.up = False
	bird.max_fall_vel = Vector2(0, self.size.y/100)
	bird.up_acc = Vector2(0, self.size.y/2)
	bird.vel = Vector2(0, 0)
	bird.acc = Vector2(0, 0)
	bird.data = get_data(self, bird)
	self.add_child(bird)
	
def setup_walls(self):
	self.wall_distance = self.size.x/4
	self.gap_size = self.size.y/6
	self.wall_width = self.size.x/14
	self.distance_to_next_wall = self.wall_distance + 1
	self.walls = []
	
def count_distance(self, bird):
	bird.distance = bird.distance + 1
	
def update_walls(self):
	if self.distance_to_next_wall >= self.wall_distance:
		self.distance_to_next_wall = 0
		build_wall(self)
	else: self.distance_to_next_wall = self.distance_to_next_wall+1
		
	removal = []
	for x in range(len(self.walls)):
		wall = self.walls[x]
		wall.position = (wall.position.x - 1, wall.position.y)
		
		if wall.position.x + wall.size.x/2 < 0:
			removal.append(x)
	
	for x in range(len(removal)):
		wallIndex = removal[x]-x
		wall = self.walls[wallIndex]
		wall.remove_from_parent()
		self.walls.pop(wallIndex)
		
def build_wall(self):
	posY = random.randint(round(self.gap_size/2), round(self.size.y - self.gap_size/2)) #random position of gap
	
	self.walls.append(ShapeNode(rect(0,0,10,10))) #set up the upper wall
	wall = self.walls[len(self.walls)-1]
	wall.size = (self.wall_width, self.size.y - posY - self.gap_size/2)
	wall.color = 'grey'
	wall.position = (self.size.x + self.wall_width/2, self.size.y - wall.size.y/2)
	wall.z_position =  1
	self.add_child(wall)
	
	self.walls.append(ShapeNode(rect(0,0,10,10))) #set up the lower wall
	wall = self.walls[len(self.walls)-1]
	wall.size = (self.wall_width, posY - self.gap_size/2)
	wall.color = 'grey'
	wall.position = (self.size.x + self.wall_width/2, wall.size.y/2)
	wall.z_position =  1
	self.add_child(wall)
	
def update_bird(self, bird):
	if bird.up:
		bird.up = False
		bird.acc = bird.up_acc
	else: bird.acc = self.gravity
		
	bird.vel = bird.vel + bird.acc
	if bird.vel[1] > bird.max_fall_vel[1]: bird.vel = bird.max_fall_vel
	
	
	bird.position = bird.position + bird.vel
	
def get_data(self, bird):
	data = []
	for x in range(len(self.walls)):
		wall = self.walls[x]
		if wall.position.x + wall.size.x/2 >= bird.position.x - bird.size.x/2:
			y_to_gap = (wall.position.x - wall.size.x/2) - (bird.position.x + bird.size.x/2)
			if y_to_gap < 0: y_to_gap = 0
			data.append(y_to_gap)
			x_to_upper_wall = (wall.position.y - wall.size.y/2) - (bird.position.y + bird.size.y/2)
			data.append(x_to_upper_wall)
			wall = self.walls[x+1]
			x_to_lower_wall = (wall.position.y + wall.size.y/2) - (bird.position.y - bird.size.y/2)
			data.append(x_to_lower_wall)
			break
	distance_to_top = self.size.y - bird.position.y + bird.size.y/2
	data.append(distance_to_top)
	distance_to_bottom = bird.position.y - bird.size.y/2
	data.append(distance_to_bottom)
	velocity = bird.vel[1]
	data.append(velocity)
	return data

[stephen]

@Karina
i hope this helps..

First

we have A = Action This is simply convenience. Actions are the scene module's Nimation system. You dont have to use this. As shown in the example you can do all manual animation inside the Scene.update() method. called aprox. 60/sec Read more on actions in the Documentation for Actions

Second

def w(): return get_screen_size()[0]
def h(): return get_screen_size()[1]
def MaxBrushSize(): return 10-2

scene doent handle Global variables very well, so im told, o to avoid thi we have some "Global" variable function. all the do is return the value. vlue here is from
get_screen_size() ⇒ Tuple(float, float)
the float values is our scren size in Points. More about Points here
MaxBrushSize is just in case we needed a 'clamp' for Arithmatic functions.

Third

def BaseBlock(parent):
    return SpriteNode(Texture('plf:Tile_BoxItem_boxed'),
                        size=Size(64, 64), parent=parent,
                        anchor_point=(0.0, 0.0))

def Block(parent):
    return SpriteNode(Texture('plf:Tile_BoxCrate_double'), 
                        size=Size(64, 64), parent=parent,
                        anchor_point=(0.0, 0.0))

def Stone(parent, x):
    return SpriteNode(Texture('plf:Tile_BrickGrey'),
                        size=Size(64, 64), parent=parent,
                        anchor_point=(0.0, 0.0), position=Point(x*64, 0))

Functions returning Our Sprites. By doing this we clean up our code making it eaier to read and debug. Technically we coud of done this in one function and check the string input for "BrickGrey" to add the minor position change. I split them up o help understanding whats going on fr yourself.

Next

class TopBrush(Node):
    def __init__(self, brushSize, *args, **kwargs):
        self.base=BaseBlock(self)
        self.size=Size(64, 64)
        self.position=Point(w()+(self.size.w), h()-self.size.h)
        self.brushSize=brushSize
        self.blocks=list([self.base, ])
        
        for x in range(1, self.brushSize):
            b=Block(self)
            b.position=(self.base.position[0], self.base.position[1] - x*b.size[1])
            self.blocks.append(b)
            
class BottomBrush(Node):
    def __init__(self, brushSize, *args, **kwargs):
        self.base=BaseBlock(self)
        self.size=Size(64, 64)
        self.position=Point(w()+(self.size.w), 0)
        self.brushSize=brushSize
        self.blocks=list([self.base, ])
        
        for x in range(1, self.brushSize):
            b=Block(self)
            b.position=(self.base.position[0], self.base.position[1] + x*b.size[1])
            self.blocks.append(b)

Pretyslf explnitoy here. simply grouping our sprits into two secions and setting thier position for pillar like setup. TopBrush and BottomBrush. Nothing els speceal here.

Lastly

Now that we have everything prepared we can play with it ☺️.

class MyScene (Scene):
    def setup(self):
        self.background=SpriteNode(Texture('plf:BG_Colored_grass'), 
            size=Size(w(), h()), position=self.size/2, parent=self)
        self.preset=[(1, 7),(2, 6),(3, 5),(4, 4),(5, 3),(6, 2),(7, 1)]
        self.i=0.0
        self.brushSpawnTimer=3.0
        self.brushes=list([])
        self.scrollSpeed=40
        
        for x in range(int((w()*128)/64)):
            self.brushes.append(Stone(self, x))

setup() is called after the Scene object is returned bu before Event Loop Starts so here you can use Scene Variables such as size or bounds to setup your Game screen Invironment.
*Note: you can overide the __init__ method but you must call to Scene.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) otherwise your loop will become unstable and crash. generally no reason to call it. setup() usualy is all u need .

	def Add_Brush(self, choice):
   		if self.i > self.brushSpawnTimer:
       		bb=BottomBrush(choice[0])
        	tb=TopBrush(choice[1])
            self.add_child(bb)
            self.add_child(tb)
            self.brushes.append(bb)
            self.brushes.append(tb)
            self.i=0.0
            self.brushSpawnTimer = random.randrange(3, 6)
        else:
            sb=Stone(self, (w()+128)/64)
            self.brushes.append(sb)
            
            
    def Remove_Brush(self, brush):
        self.brushes.remove(brush)
        brush.remove_from_parent()
        self.Add_Brush(random.choice(self.preset))
        

Methods Add_Brush and Remove_Brush are very important. there would be no level without Add lol and Without Remove we could build up memory usage and thats never good. always clean up after yourself 😬🙃

	def Scroll(self, brush):
        x=brush.position[0]-self.scrollSpeed*self.dt
        y=brush.position[1]
        return Point(x, y)
        
    def update(self):
        self.i += self.dt
        for brush in self.brushes:
            if brush.position[0] <= -64:
                self.Remove_Brush(brush)
            brush.position = self.Scroll(brush)

Finaly our Scroll and update methods.. these two bring it all to life.. Only thing to realy spotlight here for you is self.dt
this is the Time Delta, time between calls. in this case its the time between Frames and usually 0.00165.... We are using it for two uses. one is a timer for spawning our brushes and other is to smooth out the movment of our objects to make it visually appealing..

---

I hope thi helps you understand hts going on. Scene is a powerful tool and not just for game design but you have a long frustrating jurny ahead of you.. but its worth it ☺️🤓🤓🤓 i would suggest you look into using scene and ui modules togeather.you only need to call fom scene import * and ui is already imported in scene. ready or you. if ou do this you get a much more devloper freindly User interface along with your game loop. all you need to do is connect your Scene class to a scene.SceneView and add it to your CustomView with self.add_subview().

Ill be glad to help with anything else you need.

[stephen]

@Drizzel well done 🙃🤓😎

[Drizzel]

@stephen thanks for the kind words, but some things are clumsy at best. Your summary is awesome, though. Although I am really glad that I can help here :) That way I can return at least a small amount of the support this community here has given me

[Karina]

@Drizzel you say you clumsy, but I don't know how to do theese things at all)
your explanations helped to understand the beginnin, I think it'll take time to understand it all
Do you know anything like Clock in pygame to work with time? I need to make a new column every 10 secs for example

[ccc]

If you need inspiration, https://github.com/Pythonista-Tools/Pythonista-Tools/blob/master/Games.md features a Flappy Bird style game called Jumpy Octopus.

[Karina]

@Drizzel i see now what brushes are. Do you know some article to read about it? But what difference between w() and self.size.w?
And MaxBrushSize() just returns 8?
And what difference between creating Potint and just passing a tuple to the position argument?
Sorry about bombarding you with questions)

[Drizzel]

@Karina said:

@Drizzel i see now what brushes are. Do you know some article to read about it? But what difference between w() and self.size.w?
And MaxBrushSize() just returns 8?
And what difference between creating Potint and just passing a tuple to the position argument?
Sorry about bombarding you with questions)

I'll just forward that to @stephen for now (I'm rather pressed on time for the next few hours), he's the mastermind behind brushes.

[Karina]

@stephen thank you for help and can you give me some articles about brushes and games on pythonista?
And do you know a way to work with time like in pygame.Clock? I already made a column move and need to add column every 5 seconds

[Drizzel]

@Karina said:

@Drizzel you say you clumsy, but I don't know how to do theese things at all)
your explanations helped to understand the beginnin, I think it'll take time to understand it all
Do you know anything like Clock in pygame to work with time? I need to make a new column every 10 secs for example

The update(...) function (is used in my code and the code by @stephen) is executed 60 times a second (as long as your device can handle the load). Here's a good explanation. You can use self.dt to check how much time has passed since the last frame was calculated, and self.t to check for how long the scene has been running.
Then just do put this line into setup(...):

self.time_of_last_column = self.t

and merge this with your update(self):

def update(self):
    if self.t - self.time_of_last_column >= 10:
        #put the code to place a new column here
        self.time_of_last_column = self.t

[Karina]

@Drizzel yes I have the docs in pythonista

I tried to do it like that, but I only get the black screen that I can't even close

def update(self):
		time_passed = 0
		while True:
			time_passed += self.dt
			if time_passed >= 0.5:
				print(time_passed)
				self.add_column()
				time_passed = 0
		self.column_moves()

[Drizzel]

You have to remove the loop, like this:

def update(self):
        time_passed += self.dt
        if time_passed >= 0.5:
            print(time_passed)
            self.add_column()
            time_passed = 0
            self.column_moves()

Everything inside update() gets executed 60 times per second. Just put self.time_passed = 0 in setup()

[Drizzel]

This is a bit smarter:

from scene import *
import sound
import random
import math
A = Action

class MyScene (Scene):
	def setup(self):
		self.background_color = 'white'
		
		self.blocks = []
		for x in range(5):
			block = ShapeNode(rect(0,0,10,10))
			block.color = 'black'
			block.size = (30, 30)
			block.position = (self.size.x - 30, x*block.size[1] + block.size[1]/2)
			self.add_child(block)
			self.blocks.append(block)
			
		self.previous_time = self.t #self.t is the time that the game has been running
	
	def update(self): #everything in Here gets called 60 times a second
		if self.t - self.previous_time >= .5: 
			self.previous_time = self.t
			self.move_blocks()
	
	def move_blocks(self):
		for block in self.blocks:
			position = block.position
			new_x = position[0] - 10
			block.position = (new_x, position[1])

if __name__ == '__main__':
	run(MyScene(), show_fps=False)

[Karina]

@stephen about your brushes I began to implement it by I don 't understand some things:
what the difference between w() and self.size.w and
MaxBrushSize just returns 8??
And the program and the graphics look great😊

[Karina]

from scene import *
import random
import time


A = Action()


def Ground(parent):
	return SpriteNode('plf:Ground_Grass', parent=parent)
	

def ColumnBlock(parent):
	return SpriteNode('plc:Brown_Block', parent=parent)


class BottomBrush(Node):
	def __init__(self):
		self.ground = GroundBlock(self)
		self.position = (self.size.w)
		
	
class Game(Scene):
	def setup(self):
		self.background_color = '#99d7ff'
		#to track when 5 seconds passed and need to add a new column
		self.time_passed = 0
		#add the first column so you don't have to wait for it 5 seconds
		self.columns = []
		self.add_column()
		x = 0
		ground = Node(parent=self)
		ground.z_position = -1
		#building the upper and lower ground
		while x < self.size.w:
			lower_tile = SpriteNode('plf:Ground_Grass', (x, 30))
			higher_tile = SpriteNode('plf:Ground_GrassCenter', (x, 738))
			x += 60
			ground.add_child(lower_tile)
			ground.add_child(higher_tile)
			
		self.speed = 1
		
	
	def update(self):
		self.time_passed += self.dt
		if self.time_passed >= 5:
			self.add_column()
			self.time_passed = 0
		self.column_moves()
			
			
	def add_column(self):
		lower = random.randint(0, 360) // 64
		higher = 9 - lower
		#building the lower part
		y = 35
		for i in range(lower):
			block = ColumnBlock(parent=self)
			block.anchor_point = (0.5, 0)
			block.position = (self.size.w, y)
			self.columns.append(block)
			y += 64
		#building the higher part
		y = 738
		for i in range(higher):
			block = ColumnBlock(parent=self)
			block.anchor_point = (0.5, block.size.h)
			block.position = (self.size.w, y)
			self.columns.append(block)
			y -= 64
			
			
	def column_moves(self):
		actions = [A.move_by(-self.size.w, 0, 30/self.speed), A.remove()]
		for i in self.columns:
			i.run_action(A.sequence(actions))
				
			


run(Game())```

For now I have this. It makes columns move just like I need. There will be the bird and the functions it needs, and I'm done😀

[stephen]

@Karina

Outstanding work so far! im very impressed on how fast you are grasping this.

first ill answer your questions 🤓

---

what the difference between w() and self.size.w?

In my example w() is recieving the width size of the screen directly. self.size.w is reference to the current Node's width. Yes when used inside your Subclass of scene.Scene this will be the same value. but this is only becasue you are initiating its View by using the module level run() function. (run always launches in fullscreen). but in the future you may notwant fullscreen and this means you would use a custom ui.View class then add a SceneView to it. now if you use the w() function you will get screen width as expected but now your self.size.w will return a different value referencing the SceneView's frame (frame ⇨ Tuple(x, y, width, height)) you can also retrieve this uing MySceneView.frame[2]. in our case i didnt needto use the w() function but we practice how we wantto playon game day. 😎 good habets produce great programs.

---

MaxBrushSize just returns 8??

yes i know the return 10-2 seems useless. but maybe down the road you want to create, lets say, powerups. one might be the gaps get larger bfor n seconds. since we already have this in out code all we need to do is make a quick change.. this would be the replacement ⥥

	def MaxBrushSize(mod):
		return 10 - mod

then somwhere in your code you you add somthis similar to this

	...
	def StartGapPowerUp(self, value ):
		self.maxBrushSize = MaxBrushSize(value)
		time.sleep(10) #waits 10 seconds
		self.maxBrushSize = MaxBrushSize(default)
	...

ive been playthingwith game development for many years in multiple languges so i have built some habits that i dont notic i do anymore lol.

---

---

next post will be some notes nd pointers of you latest code posted and ill put a script showing my previous answeres in action! stay tuned 🤓🤓

[Karina]

1. self.point=Point(w() + self.position.w, h() - self.size.h)
If w() and self.size.w are the same here, then we got 2*self.position.w? And why instead of sec arg don't just right 0??

2. When I tried to use sleep(), my screen just got black and I couldn't close it. And also was a problem and it all hang and didn't move. I did smth and fixed it, don't know how😅. But why theese things can happen?

I have hundred of questions on each couple lines)